About those Other Realities…
This past summer I watched a few recently made sci-fi movies and shows, all with stories based around the idea of alternate or repeating timelines. Their characters experience, voluntarily or not, different versions of reality that arise when different events happen. I enjoyed them all, with the caveat that I am a science fiction junkie, and also have a pretty low bar on what qualifies as good entertainment.
To summarize them without being too spoiler-y, one was the movie Redux Redux, an indie dark thriller with a cast you’ve never heard of; another was Good Luck, Have Fun, Don’t Die, more of a gonzo action comedy, headlined by a big star. And the last was the Black Mirror episode Bête Noire, which I thought was one of their better ones (though I liked the episode before it in Season 7 even more).
Each film has its own weird science explanation for how the timeline jumping works, the details of which are not important. “Weird science,” if you didn’t know, is a term for when fiction uses the tag “science!” to explain some technological device in the story, but unrealistically, in a manner not justfied by what we know from actual science. In other words, weird science is just magic, except it’s not magic per se because then you would be watching fantasy, not science fiction. There was a famous statement by sci-fi author Arthur C. Clake, “any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic,” and sci-fi writers have generally taken it to heart.
I’ve been spoiler-y on the Black Mirror episode, sorry about that. The reveal comes late in the episode, and the timeline shifting is tied to quantum computing, a weird science shtick the show has used previously. I think the idea is that quantum computers are super-duper powerful and so they can compute anything? Not sure, exactly. One intriguing thought is that the Black Mirror writers are aware of how quantum physics is connected to the very concept of alternate realities, and are speculating along those lines about what might be possible with quantum computing.
What do I mean by that? It all comes down to one of the basic, most puzzling phenomena in quantum mechanics: the dual wave-particle nature of subatomic reality.
Subatomic particles cannot be measured precisely; there is always some uncertainty as to their exact position or velocity. In quantum mechanics, this uncertainty is translated into a “probability wave function” that expresses all of the possible states of a particle. During a measurement, the precise state is instantaneously determined, in what is known as “collapsing the wave function.” But no sooner than this is done, the probablity wave expands once more and the state of the particle becomes unknown again.
The truly bizarre nature of quantum mechanics is apparent in some of the experimental results that are explainable by theorizing that particles sometimes behave not like particles, but literally like they are waves of probability. The most famous is probably the double-slit experiment, in which electrons travelling through a plate with two openings exhibit wave interference patterns when not observed as they pass through the openings, but spontaneously switch to acting like billiard balls if they are detected before passing through. This means that the experimenter can decide whether to make the electrons act like waves or like particles.
Wave-particle duality is also exhibited in the phenomenon of “quantum tunneling,” in which a particle’s probability wave allows it to pass through an otherwise unsurmountable potential energy barrier. This is not merely a curiosity of physics; it has practical applications and implications.
Physicists are stuck with the principles of quantum mechanics. They are verified experimentally, and our modern technology relies on them. The mathematics of the probability wave works out, but there is still the conundrum of how exactly the observer factors into the collapse of the wave function. Why should an electron care if anyone is looking at it or not?
In the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics, a particle is said to exist in a superposition of multiple possible states, until it is observed, at which point its state becomes a fixed, objective fact. This interpretation runs into a paradox when combined with material realism, or the idea that the standard model of particle physics, with its particles and forces, is all that is needed to explain reality – and everything else, including us and our consciousness, derives from it.
The problem is, how to account for the observer effect, the collapse of the probabilistic wave function. At what point does the experimenter cease to be a conglomerate of particles and forces, which theoretically only exist as a superposition of possible states, and then suddenly become an observer recording a measurement? Face it: a superposition of possibilities cannot of its own collapse into an actuality.
There are numerous other theoretical interpretations of quantum mechanics that have attempted to get around this paradox, most beyond the scope of this post. A perhaps better known one is the idea of hidden variables – that we simply haven’t fully figured out the deterministic math and the probability function is just a placeholder we use for now. This was espoused by the great Albert Einstein, who did not at all like the indeterminism in the new theories and famously declared, “God does not play dice.” Einstein didn’t live to see it, but hidden variables were eventually shown to be incompatible with quantum mechanics.
Another interpretation simply declares that there is no collapse of the wave function. Rather, each possibility in the superposition is as real as all the others. The act of observing determines not which possibility becomes a reality, but instead which reality the observer ends up in! This is the interpretation that ties into the shows I was watching, and why they reminded me of quantum mechanical theory. Maybe quantum computers could somehow tap into the wave function and do some weird science thing like reverse the polarity and thereby bounce around among the alternate universes.
There are some obvious problems with the many-worlds interpretation, as it is called. One is the insanely large number of alternate realities being proposed. Think about it: each subatomic particle has a superposition of possible states, multiplied by every other subatomic particle’s superpositions, branching out every fraction of a second. The total number of superpositions is staggering!
Of course, there is no reason theoretically to limit the number of universes. Most of them would be very hard to distinguish from one another, with only infinitesimally tiny differences. But theoretically every possibility could be someone’s reality. There is no way to disprove this theory, if there is no interaction among the alternate realities, which makes it scientifically untenable. That’s the biggest problem with this interpretation. In a sense, it’s a cop out.
Now, in the science fiction stories, the alternate worlds do intereact. Otherwise, the stories would be no fun. In one of my first posts on this blog, I wrote about one such story – All The Myriad Ways, by Larry Niven. In this story, alternate realities are proven to exist, and as a consequence people start lapsing morally and a crime wave ensues. The logic is thus: why not go ahead and follow your impulse to do bad things, since there will necessarily be some universe in which you didn’t anyways, plus if you restrain yourself, you’re just giving all the fun to some other version of you in another universe? The story, I concluded, is a parable about moral choice and its relation to the limits of reality.
This takes me, at last, to the real topic of this post. There is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that neatly resolves the paradox of the observer effect. That would be the Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation, which accepts the observer effect at face value and postulates that it is consciousness itself that is causing the collapse. This is a framework that has been expanded on greatly by Amit Goswami, perhaps my favorite quantum physicist.
Note an important implication of this interpretation: consciousness possesses agency. It is an ultimate cause. How can this be, if consciousness emerges as a property of complex conglomerates of subatomic particles, as theorized in material realism? Consciousness would only be another possibility in superposition, up until the moment of wave function collapse.
It must be that material realism is wrong in its fundamental assumptions, and that consciousness precedes material reality. Consciousness must, in fact, be the ground of being, with all that exists manifesting within it. When an observation is made, consciousness is choosing which of the possible states of the wave function becomes the actual state that is observed. This is why there is always an observer at the moment of wave function collapse.
The pioneers of quantum mechanics understood this. Erwin Schrödinger, he of the infamous cat, said: “The world is given to me only once, not one existing and one perceived. Subject and object are only one.” No objective reality exists without there also being a subjective observer. The two are inseparable.
But how, you might ask, is that going to work if my consciousness and your consciousness pick different possibilities of the wave function to collapse into reality? This is the so-called “Wigner’s friend” paradox. You might choose the cat to be alive and I might choose it to be dead. That poor cat!
The answer is simple. Consciousness is not a quality or attribute that you or I possess. It is the ground of reality, with you, I, and the cat all existing within it. The choice at the moment of wave function collapse is made by the singular cosmic consciousness that underlies all reality, and you and I see the same cat inside the box (hopefully, it sees us, too). You and I experience this as separate observers only because consciousness is identifying with our mind-body conglomerates in that moment and act of observation.
I reiterate: consciousness does not emerge as an epiphenomenom caused by the interaction of the material particles in our brains, as proposed by material realism. The material realist ontology cannot even explain what subjective consciousness is, even though it is something we all experience and therefore must be addressed by any complete scientific theory. At best, it can keep analyzing the brain and promising that the truth will be discovered eventually. But the brain is not where the subject resides! The subject in an act of observation is within cosmic consciousness, which encompasses the mind, and the brain, and whatever thing – whatever electron or chair or coffee table or computer screen – is being observed.
Comprehending unitive consciousness as the ground of reality gives us an ontology in which the subtle aspects of our inner experience are just as real as the material universe that surrounds us. Our thoughts and feelings are as real as material things made of atoms and molecules, the difference being that we experience them as fleeting objects in a personal space, instead of as fixed objects in a shared space. And anyway those “fixed” things are also “fleeting” – affected, as all matter is, by quantum uncertainty. The amount of uncertainty is just very small at human scale, so that we all observe physical reality similarly enough that we can agree on what is what.
Our thoughts and feelings, experienced as private and personal, amount to what the ancients called our psyche – which means soul.
You see where I am going with this. This intrepretation of quantum mechanics aligns with spirituality and mystic wisdom. Material realism is wrong. There is something greater out there.
Unitive cosmic consciousness is the Ground Luminosity of Tibetan Buddhism. It is that which is, beyond which there is nothing else. A being that has no greater being – a “Supreme Being,” if you will. It subsumes the whole of the universe, including space and time, which only exist in the context of matter and energy, anyway, per relativity theory. In other words, cosmic consciousness is beyond space and time; that is, it is eternal.
Let’s just take the leap: unitive cosmic consciousness is what religions mean when they refer to “God.”
We can go further. If consciousness is purposive and through its purposiveness manifests reality, by choosing the actual state of the universe from among its possibilities, then it can be said to be creating the universe. Just as the religions claim.
If purposive consciousness is creative and strives to manifest ever more complex forms into existence, then it is guiding evolution, just as the intelligent design theorists claim. If there is a purpose to evolution and a direction toward higher modes of consciousness, then in that sense we could say that cosmic consciousness is “creating us in its image.”
Finally, if consciousness is unitive and our sense of separate selves only arises because of our temporary existence as mortal creations, then just as the mystics claim, our souls are on a journey of self-discovery, striving towards God-realization.
It is just as it was sung by The Beatles:
And the time will come when you see we’re all one
And life flows on within you and without you

I know this is a bold assertion: an interpretation of the mysterious phenomena of quantum mechanics which proposes that there really is a spiritual dimension to our existence, and which conforms in many ways with the doctrines of religious systems. It is not generally a well-received interpretation, as far as I can tell, probably because people who are interested in the science of quantum physics also tend to be wary of religion, with its long history of dogmatic belief and atrocities perpetrated in the name of God.
So let’s be clear: dogmatic myths, like a God who is a bearded old white guy, are way off the mark. But that doesn’t rule out spirituality and non-material reality. Nor does the tragic history of religious conflict and persecution, since anyways humans justify their cruelty, bigotry, and violence on both religious and non-religious grounds.
The most profound takeaway from the idea of unitive cosmic consciousness as the ground of being is that consciousness has agency. Our choices truly matter.
All experience, the internal subtle experiences in our minds, and the external physical universe that we experience together as shared reality, occurs within unitive consciousness. In that sense, whatever choices we make, God is watching.
If consciousness collapses the quantum wave function and manifests reality, then with each choice that consciousness makes, the timeline is established. History is made. There is no alternate version of reality to pursue, no type of weird science that will allow us to backtrack or experience the outcomes of different choices.
Those science fiction stories are a hoot, but they are just that – fiction. In reality, our choices fix the timeline, and therefore are rife with moral consequence. It makes a difference whether we decide to follow our impulses to do bad things, or make the stronger choice to do good.
That’s why I called the many worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics a cop out. As Larry Niven’s story All The Myriad Ways informs, it offers us a way to escape the consequences of our choices.
But we can’t. Just as the mystics say, with each choice we make, we make our shared reality.
And God is watching.
And we are all God.
Thanks for reading this post. I hope you enjoyed it and found the subject interesting. If you want to learn more about how quantum physics can explain the spiritual nature of reality, I recommend these two books by Amit Goswami: The Self-Aware Universe (ISBN 9780874777987), and God Is Not Dead (ISBN 9781571745637).
Namaste.














